RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características físicas, a composição química, teor de vitamina C, vitamina E, carotenoides e minerais em frutos de biribiri (Averrhoa bilimbi) do território do Médio Rio Doce (Minas Gerais, Brasil). A acidez titulável foi determinada por neutralização volumétrica, o pH por potenciometria direta, os sólidos solúveis por refratometria, a umidade por gravimetria, as cinzas por calcinação em mufla, as proteínas pelo método micro-Kjeldahl, as fibras alimentares pelo método gravimétrico não enzimático e os lipídios usando um extrator Soxhlet. Os carotenoides e a vitamina C foram analisados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). A vitamina E foi analisada por CLAE com detector de fluorescência e quatorze minerais foram analisados por espectrometria de emissão atômica com plasma indutivamente acoplado. O biribiri apresentou alto rendimento de porção comestível (100%), baixos teores de lipídios, proteínas e carboidratos e, consequentemente, baixo valor total de energia (25,36 kcal 100 g-1). Os frutos também apresentaram baixos teores de fibra alimentar (0,62 g 100 g-1), vitamina E total (17,62 µg 100 g-1), carotenoides totais (0,32 g 100 g-1) e altos teores de vitamina C, zinco, cobre, ferro, manganês, molibdênio e conteúdo cromado. Em relação aos metais pesados, os frutos não apresentaram cádmio e tiveram vestígios de alumínio e níquel. Em conclusão, o biribiri apresentou baixo valor energético e conteúdos expressivos de fibras alimentares, vitamina C, ferro, manganês, molibdênio, cromo, zinco e cobre.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated physical characteristics, chemical composition, content of vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and minerals in biribiri fruits (Averrhoa bilimbi) from the Middle Doce River region (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Titratable acidity was determined by volumetric neutralization, pH by direct potentiometry, soluble solids by refractometry, humidity by gravimetry, ash by calcination in muffle, proteins by the micro-Kjeldahl method, dietary fiber by non-enzymatic gravimetric method and lipids using a Soxhlet extractor. Carotenoids and vitamin C were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and vitamin E by HPLC with fluorescence detector. Fourteen minerals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Biribiri showed high yield of edible portion (100%), low lipid, protein and carbohydrate content, and; consequently, low total energy value (25.36 kcal 100 g-1). The fruit also showed low dietary fiber content (0.62 g 100 g-1), total vitamin E (17.62 µg 100 g-1), total carotenoids (0.32 g 100 g-1), and high vitamin C, zinc, copper, iron content, manganese, molybdenum and chrome content. Regarding the heavy metals, the fruit showed no cadmium, and traces of aluminum and nickel. In conclusion, biribiri presented low energy value and expressive contents of dietary fibers, vitamin C, iron, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, zinc, and copper.

Resumo Este estudo analisou as ações realizadas por Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição - UAN hospitalares para a promoção da sustentabilidade ambiental. Participaram do estudo quatro das seis UANs de hospitais do município de Governador Valadares-MG. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando questionário online composto por 73 questões estruturadas sobre práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental na UAN. As ações estruturais menos prevalentes nos estabelecimentos foram as relacionadas a energia e iluminação (25%), e ventilação (38%). Aproximadamente, 93% das ações durante o planejamento de cardápio eram realizadas pelos estabelecimentos, porém 25% dos estabelecimentos não possuíam fichas técnicas de preparação. Apenas 35% das ações eram realizadas pelas unidades durante a aquisição e o armazenamento de insumos, sendo que nenhuma utilizava alimentos da agricultura familiar ou alimentos orgânicos. Durante o preparo, a distribuição e o consumo das refeições, 75,0% das ações realizadas se relacionaram ao aproveitamento integral dos alimentos. O controle de temperatura durante a distribuição de refeições foi a ação menos prevalente (50%). As unidades realizavam, em média, 93,8% das ações relacionadas aos procedimentos de higienização. Em relação a geração, coleta, armazenamento e destinação de resíduos, em média, 50% das ações eram adotadas nas UANs. Conclui-se que as UANs hospitalares de Governador Valadares-MG adotam medidas para a promoção da sustentabilidade ambiental, porém estas devem ser intensificadas, especialmente as relacionadas a capacitação da equipe, estrutura física, aquisição e recepção de insumos, e gestão de resíduos.

Abstract This study analyzed the actions taken by hospital Foodservices to promote environmental sustainability. Four of the six Foodservices of hospitals in the municipality of Governador Valadares-MG/Brazil participated in the study. Data collection was performed online by using a questionnaire composed of seventy-three dichotomous and structured questions, thus being grouped into an identification and characterization of axis regarding the establishment and also into six axes on environmental sustainability practices in FS. The least prevalent physical structural actions in establishments were those related to energy and lighting (25%) and ventilation (38%). Approximately 93% of the actions during menu planning were carried out by the establishments, however, 25% of the establishments did not have technical preparation sheets. Only 29.1% of the actions during the acquisition and receipt of inputs were carried out by the units, however, none of which facilitated the use of organic food or purchased food from family farm. During preparation, distribution and consumption of meals, adherence to actions to promote environmental sustainability was 75.0%, with full use of food and temperature control during meal distribution being the least prevalent (50.0%). Regarding the generation, collection, storage and disposal of waste, it could be noted that, on average, 52.2% of the actions were adopted by the FS. This study concluded that the hospital Foodservices of Governador Valadares hospitals (MG/Brazil) adopted measures aimed at promoting environmental sustainability, however, these measures must be intensified, especially those related to staff training, physical structure, acquisition and reception of inputs as well as waste management.

Abstract Butia capitata, native to the Brazilian cerrado, is underutilized for human consumption. The objective was to determine the physical characteristics of the fruit, centesimal composition, bioactive and antioxidant activity. Fruits obtained in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Diameter, height and weight were evaluated. The moisture was analyzed by gravimetry after oven drying, ashes by calcining in a muffle furnace, proteins by the Kjeldahl method, gravimetric lipids after extraction in ethyl ether, carbohydrates by difference and total energy value by conversion factors. Vitamin C, E and carotenoids were analyzed by HPLC, minerals by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry, Folin Ciocalteu solution phenolic compounds, anthocyanins by spectrophotometry and antioxidant capacity by the Radical DPPH. The fruits presented good pulp yield (68.59%), which has a high lipid content (3.42 g.100 g-1) and total energy (83.34 kcal.100 g-1). The pulp contains ß-carotene (8.56 mg.100 g-1), vitamin E (121.07 mcg.100 g-1) and high concentrations of vitamin C (53.57 mg.100 g-1), total phenolics (493, 6 mg.100 g-1) and copper (1.80 mg.100 g-1). Almond has a high value of total energy (457.72 kcal.100 g-1), vitamin E (1594.39 mcg.100 g-1) and minerals Cu (2.40 mg.100 g-1) and Mo (0.9.100 g-1). The pulp is a source of carotenoids, vitamin C, copper and total phenolics, both natural antioxidants.

Abstract Erechtites valerianifolia (Wolf) DC is an unconventional vegetable found in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Is consumed in high proportions by the population living in this biome. The objective of this study was to investigate the general chemical composition, occurrence and content of carotenoids, vitamins (C and E) and minerals in this vegetable. By the micro-Kjeldhal method it was determined proteins. It was determined total dietary fiber (TDF) by non-enzymatic gravimetric method. Carotenoids and vitamins were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) it was determined minerals. E. valerianifolia presented concentrations of TDF (3.7 g 100 g-1), ash (0.9 g 100-1), lipids (1.4 g 100-1), carbohydrates (2.9 g 100-1), proteins (1.3 g 100-1), caloric density (29.2 kcal 100-1), Vit. A (373.9 µg 100-1 RAE), K (561.2 mg 100-1), Ca (79.5 mg 100-1) and Fe (21.6 mg 100-1). It is considered that this vegetable is source of Ca, good source of fiber and K, and an excellent source of pro-vitamin A, Mn, Se, Fe, Mo and Cu, which may reduce food and nutritional insecurity in the population, mainly in the region where this species is found.

RESUMO: Quatro hortaliças não convencionais mais consumidas foram analisadas cruas e após as técnicas de cocção utilizadas rotineiramente pelos agricultores familiares: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); mostarda selvagem (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L) e capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). A composição química foi determinada de acordo com a AOAC. A vitamina C, vitamina E e os carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), e compostos fenólicos e minerais foram determinados por espectrofotometria. As concentrações de vitamina E e carotenoides foram maiores na mostarda selvagem (7,68 mg.100 g-1e 7,45 mg.100 g-1, respectivamente). A cocção reduziu a concentração de alguns minerais nas hortaliças não convencionais, mas aumentou as concentrações de vitaminas e carotenoides. As hortaliças apresentaram alto teor de minerais, mas baixa concentração protéica e valor energético total. As hortaliças não convencionais podem ser consideradas de excelente valor nutricional. O consumo frequente dessas hortaliças pode contribuir para melhorar a alimentação dos agricultores e suas famílias.

ABSTRACT: Four most consumed non-conventional vegetables were analyzed raw and after cooking techniques routinely used by family farmers: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L), and capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). Chemical composition was determined according to AOAC. Vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and phenolic compounds and minerals by spectrophotometry. Vitamin E and carotenoids concentrations were higher in stir fried wild mustard (7.68 mg.100 g-1 and 7.45 mg.100 g-1, respectively). Cooking reduced some minerals concentration in the non-conventional vegetables, but increased vitamins and carotenoids concentrations. The vegetables presented high content of minerals but low protein concentration and total energy content. Non-conventional vegetables can be considered of excellent nutritional value and frequent consumption of these vegetables can contribute to improve the feeding of farmers and their families.

AbstractThe Atlantic Forest has species of native fruits, consumed fresh and processed, which have an important contribution to food sovereignty of families that consume it. This study examined the physical and physicochemical characteristics, proximate composition, concentration of carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E and minerals in the pulp and kernels of fruits of licuri (Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.). Titratable acidity was analyzed by volumetric neutralization, soluble solids by refractometry, proteins by the micro-Kjeldahl method, lipids by gravimetry using soxhlet, dietary fiber by non-enzymatic gravimetry, carotenoids and vitamin C by HPLC-DAD, vitamin E by HPLC-fluorescence, and minerals by ICP-AES. Pulp were a source of Zn (0.95 mg 100–1), a good source of fiber (6.15 g 100–1), excellent source of provitamin A (758.75 RAE 100–1), Cu (0.69 mg 100–1), Fe (3.81 mg 100–1), Mn (3.40 mg 100–1) and Mo (0.06 mg 100–1). The kernel were a source of Fe (3.36 mg 100–1) and excellent source of Mn (6.14 mg 100–1), Cu (0.97 mg 100–1) and Mo (0.07 mg 100–1). The nutritional value and wide availability of licuri fruit make it an important resource for reducing food insecurity and improving nutrition of the rural population and other individuals who have access to it.

A jabuticaba apresenta casca atrativa do ponto de vista nutritivo, funcional e sensorial. Todavia, o aproveitamento da casca para o consumo ainda é restrito por necessitar de tecnologias para a obtenção de preparações processadas para sua inclusão na dieta humana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar geléia utilizando casca de jabuticaba e caracterizá-la química e sensorialmente. Foram elaboradas formulações, todas com 50% de açúcar e com diferentes proporções de casca, polpa e pectina. As formulações foram submetidas a teste de preferência, e duas geléias preferidas, a F1a (80% de casca, 20% de polpa, e 0,5% de pectina) e a F3b (50% de casca, 50% de polpa, e 1,0% de pectina), apresentaram composição química para fenólicos de 216,44 e 148,00 mg de ácido gálico.100 g-1, para flavonoides de 10,42 e 12,10 mg de catequina.100 g-1 e um índice de aceitabilidade de 80%. A casca de jabuticaba apresentou maiores teores de nutrientes que a polpa, destacando-se como fonte de fibras, carboidratos e pigmentos naturais. Os resultados indicaram a viabilidade do aproveitamento tecnológico e nutricional da casca de jabuticaba para a obtenção de geleia. Os resultados também incidiram boas características sensoriais, nutritivas, aceitabilidade, e propriedades antioxidantes de pigmentos naturais.

The peel of jaboticaba is attractive regarding its nutritional, functional and sensory aspects. However, its use for consumption is still restricted due to the need of technological development in order to obtain processed preparations for its inclusion in the human diet. The purpose of this study was to produce jelly using the peel of jaboticaba and to characterize it chemically and sensorially. Diferent formulations were prepared, all with 50% of sugar and with different proportions of peel, pulp and pectin. The formulations, which were tested for preference, were the following: F1a (80% of peel, 20% of pulp and 0.5% of pectin) and F3b (50% of peel, 50% pulp and 1.0% of pectin). These formulations showed chemical composition of 216.44 mg phenolic compounds, 148.00 mg gallic acid.100 g-1, 10.42 mg flavonoids, and 12.10 mg catechin.100 g-1, and 80% acceptability index. The peel presented higher levels of nutrients than the pulp, especially as source of fiber, carbohydrates and natural pigments. Results indicated the feasibility of technological nutritional harnessing of the jaboticaba peel in obtaining jelly. The results also indicated good sensory and nutritional characteristics, acceptability, and antioxidant properties of natural pigments.